商业研究

商业研究

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中央决策与分散决策的绩效对比 ——基于制造商生产率视角的分析

段连杰1， 赵旭2，李 倩1,3   

  1. 1．中山大学 岭南学院，广州 510275；2.国信证券股份有限公司 博士后工作站， 广东 深圳 518000；3．华南农业大学 数学与信息学院、软件学院，广州 510642
  • 收稿日期:2017-03-27 出版日期:2017-08-24
  • 作者简介:段连杰（1981-），男，江苏沛县人，中山大学岭南学院博士研究生，研究方向：产业组织与国际贸易；赵旭(1987-)，男，湖北潜江人，国信证券股份有限公司博士后工作站在站博士后，研究方向：宏观经济、行为金融、金融市场；李倩（1978-），女，山东烟台人，华南农业大学数学与信息学院、软件学院讲师，中山大学岭南学院博士研究生，研究方向：金融经济学。
  • 基金资助:
    国家社科基金重大课题“构建开放型经济的宏观调控模式研究”，项目编号：14ZDA020。

Performance Comparison between Central Decision-making and Decentralized Decision-making: An Analysis based on Manufacturer Productivity

DUAN Lian-jie1, ZHAO Xu2, LI Qian1,3   

  1. 1. Lingnan College, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275,China;2.Postdoctoral Workstation, Guosen Securities, Shenzhen 518000, China;3.College of Mathematics and Informatics, College of Software Engineering, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642,China
  • Received:2017-03-27 Online:2017-08-24

摘要： 通过构建包含单一供应商、单一制造商与单一零售商的三级供应链模型，在给出均衡解的同时着重考察制造商生产率与供应商成本参数对供应链下中央决策与分散决策绩效差异的影响，并考察这两个参数对不同决策机制下的最优价格、最优产出、最优利润的影响。结果表明中央决策与分散决策的利润差与制造商生产率正相关，而与供应商成本参数负相关；制造商生产率的提高在降低制造商与零售商定价的同时将导致上游供应商提高定价，而各参与成员的定价均与供应商成本参数正相关；制造商生产率的提高将导致制造商的产出增加，而对供应商产出的影响则不确定，但两者的产出均与供应商成本参数负相关，中央决策下亦有类似结论。本文进行的相应的数值分析进一步验证了理论分析的结果。

关键词: 中央决策, 分散决策, 制造商生产率, 三级供应链模型, 数值分析

Abstract: This paper constructs a three-level supply chain model, which includes a single supplier, a single manufacturer and a single retailer. Firstly, the equilibrium solutions are given. In addition, the paper investigated the effects of manufacturer′s productivity and the parameter of supplier′s cost function on central decision-making and decentralized decision-making,and the effects of these two parameters on optimal price, optimal output and optimal profit under different decision mechanisms. The results show that the profit difference between central and decentralized decision-making is positively related to the manufacturer productivity, but is negatively related to supplier cost parameter;the improvement of manufacturer productivity will reduce the prices of manufacturer and retailer, and it will lead to increasing of the price of upstream supplier, however, the price of each member is positively related to the cost parameter of supplier;the improvement of manufacturer productivity will lead to an increase of manufacturer output, and the impact on supplier output is uncertain,however, both outputs are negatively related to the cost parameter of supplier. There are similar conclusions under central decision-making. The corresponding numerical analysis verifies the results of theoretical analysis.

Key words: central decision-making, decentralized decision-making, manufacturer′s productivity, three-level supply chain model, numerical analysis