商业研究

商业研究

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“新农保”是否真的减少了农村老年人的劳动参与？ ——基于CHARLS两期截面数据的研究

孙泽人1，赵秋成2，肇颖3   

  1. （1.北京建筑大学 研究生学院，北京 100044；2.东北财经大学 公共管理学院，辽宁 大连 116025；3.大连大学 马克思主义学院，辽宁 大连 116622）
  • 收稿日期:2020-08-30 出版日期:2020-10-19
  • 作者简介:孙泽人（1989-），男，哈尔滨人，北京建筑大学研究生学院工程师，研究方向：人力资源与政策；赵秋成（1966-），男，河北泊头人，东北财经大学公共管理学院教授，博士，研究方向为劳动就业与社会保障、人口与区域发展战略、人力资源管理；肇颖（1965-），本文通讯作者，女，沈阳人，大连大学马克思主义学院副教授，研究方向：马克思主义经济理论。
  • 基金资助:
    国家社科基金一般项目“城乡融合发展视域下农村社区养老服务能力建设研究”，项目编号：18BGL241。

Does the “New- type Pension Insurance for Rural Residents” Really Reduce the Labor Participation of the Rural Elderly? A Study based on Cross-Sectional Data of Two Periods of CHARLS

SUN Ze-ren1,ZHAO Qiu-cheng2，ZHAO Ying3   

  1. (1.School of Graduate, Beijing University of Civil Engineering and Architecture, Beijing 100044, China;2. School of Public Management, Northeast University of Finance and Economics, Dalian 116025,China;3.School of Marxism Studies,Dalian University,Dalian 116622,China)
  • Received:2020-08-30 Online:2020-10-19

摘要： 本文基于中国健康与养老追踪调查（CHARLS）两期截面数据，运用Probit模型和Tobit模型，考察“新农保”对农村老年人劳动参与的影响。结果表明： “新农保”虽然短期内对农村老年人劳动参与产生了显著降低作用，但这种作用目前看来并不具长期可持续性； “新农保”制度下农村老年人劳动参与仍呈现出显著的受其个体特征和家庭特征影响的特点，年纪轻、健康状况好、处于在婚状态和拥有土地的农村老年人参与自家农业生产和总的劳动的比率均较高，劳动供给时间也较长；受过初中及以上教育、能够得到子女经济支持、与子女同住的农村老年人，参与自家农业生产和总劳动的比率及劳动供给时间均相对较少；家庭人均收入高的农村老年人更倾向于参与挣工资劳动；经济落后地区农村老年人参与自家农业生产的比率显著高于经济发达地区农村老年人，在挣工资劳动参与方面则后者显著高于前者。

关键词: “新农保”, 农村老年人, 劳动参与, 劳动供给时间

Abstract: Based on the cross-sectional data of China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study (CHARLS), this paper uses Probit model and Tobit model to investigate the impact of “new- type pension insurance for rural residents” on labor participation of the rural elderly. The results show that although the “new-type pension insurance for rural residents” has significantly reduced the labor participation of the rural elderly in the short term, this effect does not seem to have long-term sustainability;under the “new-type pension insurance for rural residents” system, labor participation of the rural elderly still shows the characteristics of significantly being affected by their individual characteristics and family characteristics,the proportion of the rural elderly who are young, healthy, married and have land to participate in their own agricultural production and total labor is higher, and the labor supply time is longer; the rural elderly who have received junior high school education or above, can get financial support from their children and live with their children, are relatively less in the proportion of participating in agricultural production,total labor and labor supply time;the rural elderly with high per capita family income are more likely to participate in wage labor;the proportion of the rural elderly participating in their own agricultural production in economically backward areas is significantly higher than that in economically developed areas, while the latter is significantly higher than the former in wage labor participation.

Key words: “new- type pension insurance for rural residents”；rural elderly, labor participation, labor supply time