商业研究

商业研究

• 商经理论 •    下一篇

儒商研究的“曲通”范式 ——基于“道术”关系的考察

白宗让   

  1. 北京大学 高等人文研究院，北京 100872
  • 收稿日期:2017-06-11 出版日期:2017-10-10
  • 作者简介:白宗让（1973-），男，北京人，北京大学高等人文研究院研究员，哲学/文学博士，研究方向：中国哲学、比较哲学、宗教学。

The Indirect Paradigm of Confucian Entrepreneurship Studies: A Perspective from the Relationship between Dao and Practice

BAI Zong-rang   

  1. Institute for Advanced Humanistic Studies, Peking University, Beijing 100872,China
  • Received:2017-06-11 Online:2017-10-10

摘要： 自古以来，儒学被认为在实用层面上有所欠缺。研究儒家哲理与财富的关系必先了解“道”与“术”的关系，学界在这方面的看法可以归结为“不通”、“直通”与“曲通”，其中“曲通”才是对儒家“道术”关系的正确理解。先秦时代的儒家以“士”为己任，很少从事商业实践。孔子对财富的正当追求持肯定态度，但原始儒学中关于经济与财富的内容大多是从国家治理的层面来谈的。“道术”之间不存在实证的、逻辑的关系，但是存在迂回的、动态的、体验的、时间性的联系。《史记·货殖列传》中所记载的成功的商业案例是对儒家哲理智慧“曲通”式的应用，儒家独特的“曲通”模式保留了“道术”之间无限丰富的意义，既是一种更加整全的视角，也是一种真正能够应用于高级商业决策的哲理。

关键词: 儒商, 曲通, 原始儒学, 道术关系

Abstract: Confucianism has long been regarded to be impracticable. The study of Confucian ethics and wealth depends on understanding of the relationship between Dao and Practice, on which academic studies could be summarized in three paradigms: inapplicability, direct application and indirect application, among which only the indirect paradigm serves as right interpretation. In the Pre-Qin Dynasty, Confucians deemed themselves as scholars, and seldom practiced business. Confucius attached importance to wealth and justified the pursuit of it. However, most of the theories about economics and finance were from the perspective of national government in original Confucianism. The relationship between Dao and Practice is not positively logical, but as a detoured, dynamic, experiential, and temporary link. The business transactions recorded in the “Biography of Businesspeople” of Shiji turned out to be indirect application of Confucian wisdom. The indirect paradigm retains the immeasurably fruitful meaning in the interaction of Confucian theory and Practice, it is a more holistic view and authentically applicable in advanced commercial decision-makings.

Key words: Confucian Entrepreneurship, indirect paradigm, original Confucianism, relationship between Dao and Practice