商业研究

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税制结构对区域间制造业增长及结构转型的效应

贾婷月   

  1. (上海社会科学院 应用经济研究所/经济研究所,上海 200020)
  • 收稿日期:2018-05-10 出版日期:2018-10-10
  • 作者简介:贾婷月(1989-),女,哈尔滨人,上海社会科学院应用经济研究所助理研究员,上海社会科学院经济研究所博士后,经济学博士,研究方向:财税理论与政策、劳动力流动、产业结构升级。
  • 基金资助:
    教育部人文社科重点研究基地重大项目“结构变迁、城市发展与中国经济增长”,项目编号:17JJD790005;上海社会科学院院内招标课题“劳动力流动对区域间制造业收敛的影响及其机制研究”资助。

The Effect of Tax Structure on Regional Manufacturing Growth and Structural Transformation

JIA Ting-yue   

  1. (Institute of Applied Economics/ Institute of Economics, Shanghai Academy of Social Sciences, Shanghai 200020,China)
  • Received:2018-05-10 Online:2018-10-10

摘要: 税制结构设置的合理性直接影响生产和消费行为,对产业发展趋势与结构的转变也将产生重要的影响。基于2003-2012年的省级面板数据,本文分析当前我国税制结构与制造业增长及技术结构转型的内在联系,判断现行的税制设计是否对制造业结构转型产生制度障碍。实证结果表明,增值税、个人所得税占总税收收入的比重的提高不利于制造业实际劳动生产率规模的扩大,但个人所得税相对地位的提升却有利于促进制造业向以技术密集型行业为主的结构转型。因此,增值税减税政策与推行分类与综合征收相结合的个人所得税改革,有利于扩大实体经济规模并推动实体经济升级,但需要注意避免减税带来的税负向终端制造业的税负转嫁,以及个人所得税占比增长对低端制造业的负向冲击。

关键词: 税制结构, 结构转型, 制造业, 劳动生产率

Abstract: The rationality of tax structure setting will directly affect production and consumption behavior, and it will have an important effect on the change of industrial development trend and structure. Based on the provincial panel data from 2003 to 2012, this paper studies the inner link between current tax structure in our country and manufacturing growth and structural transformation, so as to determine whether there is a barrier of current tax system design to the structural transformation of manufacturing. The empirical results show that the increase of VAT and individual income tax as a proportion of total tax revenue are not conducive to the increase of real labor productivity in manufacturing, while the relative position promotion of individual income tax is conducive to manufacturing transformation which is dominated by technology-intensive industries. Therefore, the classification combined with comprehensive collection of individual income tax reform and the VAT tax reduction policy are conducive to expanding the scale of the real economy and also promoting the upgrading of real economy. However, more attention should be paid to avoid the tax burden shifting to the terminal manufacture industry which is caused by VAT reduction policy and the negative impact of the increase of individual income tax proportion on low-end manufacturing industry.

Key words: tax structure, structural transformation, manufacturing, labor productivity