商业研究

• 商法论丛 • 上一篇    下一篇

民法典编纂背景下商事习惯自治及其边界问题探究

王真真   

  1. (清华大学 法学院,北京 100084)
  • 收稿日期:2018-03-09 出版日期:2018-07-16
  • 作者简介:王真真(1991-),男,河南信阳人,清华大学法学院博士研究生,研究方向:商法学、公司法。

Commercial Custom Self-governance and Its Border Issues under the Background of Codification of Civil Law

WANG Zhen- zhen   

  1. (School of Law, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China)
  • Received:2018-03-09 Online:2018-07-16

摘要: 《民法总则》第10条规定了解决民商事纠纷所应当适用的法律渊源,将习惯确定为次要的法律渊源,虽然并没有明确区分民事习惯与商事习惯,从该条的文义解释上看,其所指称的习惯应当包括商事习惯。从司法实践看,商事习惯效力经常处于被否定的地位,不利于商人的自治与商事领域的创新。《民法总则》业已确立商事习惯的法源地位,司法实践应当对商事习惯予以尊重,厘清商事习惯与法律、公共政策以及民法的关系有助于界定商事习惯的具体适用边界。

关键词: 商事习惯, 商人自治, 商业创新, 商事习惯与法律

Abstract: Article 10 of the General Principles of Civil Law stipulates the sources of law that should be applied in the settlement of civil and commercial disputes, and defines custom as secondary sources of law. Although there is no clear distinction between civil customs and commercial practices, it can be explained from the meaning of the article. At first glance, its alleged custom should include commercial practices. However, judging from the judicial practice, the application of commercial affairs are often in a negated position, which is detrimental to the autonomy of merchants and innovation in the commercial field. The General Principles of Civil Law has established the status of the legal source of commercial practices. Judicial practice should defer to commercial practices and clarify that the relationship between commercial practices, laws, public policies, and civil law helps define the specific application boundary of commercial practices.

Key words: commercial custom, commercial self-governance, commercial innovation, commercial custom and law