商业研究

商业研究

• 商经理论 • 上一篇    下一篇

人力资本结构演进与中国经济增长 ——来自省际层面的经验证据

程锐，马莉莉，陈璇   

  1. （西北大学 经济管理学院，西安 710127）
  • 收稿日期:2018-09-17 出版日期:2019-01-17
  • 作者简介:程锐（1990-），男，湖北随州人，西北大学经济管理学院博士研究生，研究方向：企业家精神、国际贸易与区域经济发展；马莉莉（1977-），女，江苏无锡人，西北大学经济管理学院教授，博士生导师，经济学博士，研究方向：转型经济；陈璇（1995-），女，陕西渭南人，西北大学经济管理学院硕士研究生，研究方向：世界经济、区域经济发展。
  • 基金资助:
    国家社科基金重点项目，项目编号：16ZAD010；教育部人文社会科学重点研究基地重大项目，项目编号：16JJD790047。

Human Capital Structure Evolution and Economic Growth: An Empirical Study of Provincial Panel Data

CHENG Rui，MA Li-li，CHEN Xuan   

  1. （School of Economic & Management,Northwest University, Xi′an 710127,China）
  • Received:2018-09-17 Online:2019-01-17

摘要： 本文基于演化的视角考察人力资本结构演进与中国经济增长之间的关系。人力资本结构演进界定为互补匹配过程中各层级人力资本比重逐步动态调整并最终实现向高级化演变的过程，具体表现为人力资本结构的互补匹配性和动态演化两大特征。基于此，本文构建人力资本结构高级化指数以表征人力资本结构演进程度，通过1996-2015年省际面板数据，并利用1999年高校扩招政策这一外生冲击构建工具变量和中介效应检验法，实证检验了人力资本结构演进对经济增长的影响及其作用机制。研究表明，人力资本结构演进显著促进地区经济增长，并且通过推升技术进步引起产业升级和促进人口集聚形成城市化而实现经济增长。因此，为实现新时代高质量发展，各地不应脱离本地经济发展阶段而简单地增加高级人力资本比重，而应在遵循经济发展基本规律和经济发展阶段的基础上，注重不同技能人力资本的互补匹配性和不同层级人力资本比重的动态调整。

关键词: 人力资本结构演进, 产业升级, 城市化, 经济增长

Abstract: From the perspective of evolution, this article studies the relationship between the human capital structure upgrading and economic growth. The evolution of human capital structure refers to the gradual dynamic adjustment of the proportion of human capital at all levels in the process of complementary matching and the ultimate realization of the process of advanced evolution, which is embodied in the two characteristics of complementary matching and dynamic evolution of human capital structure.Based on this, this paper constructs the advanced index of human capital structure to represent the evolution degree of human capital structure. Through the provincial panel data from 1996 to 2015, and using the exogenous impact of the enrollment expansion policy of universities in 1999 to construct the instrumental variable and intermediary effect test method, this paper empirically tests the impact of the evolution of human capital structure on economic growth and its mechanism.Research shows that the evolution of human capital structure can achieve economic growth by promoting technological progress, leading to industrial upgrading and urbanization of population agglomeration. Therefore, in order to achieve high-quality development in the new era, local governments should not simply increase the proportion of advanced human capital out of the stage of local economic development, but should pay attention to the complementary matching of different skilled human capital and the dynamic adjustment of the proportion of human capital at different levels on the basis of following the basic laws of economic development and the stage of economic development.

Key words: human capital structure evolution, industrial upgrading, urbanization, economic growth