商业研究

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人口红利对我国出口贸易的影响 ——基于城镇二元化视角

张爱美,郭静思,吴卫红   

  1. (北京化工大学 经济管理学院,北京 100029)
  • 收稿日期:2017-08-28 出版日期:2018-02-22
  • 作者简介:张爱美(1965-),女,吉林抚松人,北京化工大学经济管理学院副教授,管理学博士,研究方向:环境经济、技术经济;郭静思(1994-),男,北京人,北京化工大学经济管理学院研究生,研究方向:宏观经济、财务管理;吴卫红(1972-),女,安徽定远人,北京化工大学经济管理学院副教授,管理学博士,研究方向:技术创新、资源环境经济。

The Impact of Demographic Dividend on China′s Export Trade:Based on the Binary of Towns and Cities

ZHANG Ai-mei, GUO Jing-si, WU Wei-hong   

  1. (School of Economics and Management, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, China)
  • Received:2017-08-28 Online:2018-02-22

摘要: 处于第四次工业革命的发动期,我国以劳动力数量优势为特征的第一次人口红利渐微,以高素质人力资本为特征的第二次人口红利将成为外贸增长的重要推力。基于城镇二元化视角,本文通过因果关系检验及脉冲响应分析考察劳动力数量、人力资本质量以及储蓄率对我国对外贸易产业影响的作用机制,发现劳动力数量对我国出口贸易产生显著影响,但其影响渐微;劳动力质量即人力资本由于教育存在时滞效应,现阶段对出口贸易的影响并不显著,但是其重要性日益凸显;高储蓄是人口红利的特征,其通过转化为资本的形式对人口红利产生间接作用。

关键词: 城镇二元化, 人口红利, 出口贸易, Granger因果关系, 脉冲响应分析

Abstract: At the beginning of the fourth industrial revolution, the first demographic dividend characterized by the labor number has gradually disappeared, and the second demographic dividend characterized by the high-quality human capital will become the important factor of the trade growth. Based on the binary of towns and cities, combining with causality test and impulse response analysis, this text discusses how quantity of labor force, quality of human capital and savings rate influence the foreign trade, finding labor force has a significant impact on China′s export trade, but the effect is decreasing; because of the time lag effect of education, labor quality has no significant influence on export trade, but it is becoming more important; high-savings is the characteristics of demographic dividend, and it has indirect effects on demographic dividend by converting into the capital.

Key words: binary of towns and cities, demographic dividend, export trade, Granger causality, impulse response analysis