商业研究

商业研究

• 三农经济 •    下一篇

基于农地区域类型差异的农村土地确权模式研究 ——推进落实党的十九大“乡村振兴战略”之思考

孙德超，曹志立   

  1. （吉林大学 行政学院，长春 130012）
  • 收稿日期:2017-09-19 出版日期:2017-12-20
  • 作者简介:孙德超（1980-），男，吉林集安人，吉林大学行政学院教授，博士生导师，法学博士，研究方向：农村土地制度；曹志立（1990-）,男,河南信阳人，吉林大学行政学院博士研究生,研究方向：农村土地制度。
  • 基金资助:
    国家社会科学基金重大项目，项目编号：12&ZD058；吉林省省校共建计划专项资金哲学社会科学研究项目“政策共识视角下吉林省农地三权分置的实践研究”资助；吉林省教育厅“十三五”社会科学研究规划项目“吉林省农村土地确权的管理困境与对策研究”，项目编号：吉教科文合字［2015］ 495号；吉林省“十三五”智库规划基金招标项目“加速推进吉林省农地三权分置改革的建议”，项目编号：2017JLSZKZB002；中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金资助项目“基于农地区域类型差异的农村土地确权模式研究”。

Research on the Models of Right Confirmation of Rural Land based on Regional Type Difference of Rural Land： Thinking about the Implementation of “Rural Revitalization Strategy” Proposed by 19th National Congress of the CPC

SUN De-chao, CAO Zhi-li   

  1. （School of Public Administration of Jilin University，Changchun 130012, China）
  • Received:2017-09-19 Online:2017-12-20

摘要： 应对新时代我国社会主要矛盾的转化，落实党的十九大提出的“乡村振兴战略”目标，必须加快推进农业农村现代化，深化农村土地制度改革。农村土地确权是“发展多种形式适度规模经营，培育新型农业经营主体”的基础性工作。当前我国农村土地确权政策的落实面临诸多阻碍，地方执行困难重重、执行效果不佳，为此，需要综合考量中央、地方和农民在农村土地确权中各自秉持的目标和寄托的诉求，并根据不同地域特点提出有针对性和差别化的执行方案。本文以人地关系和农地升值潜力两个要素为维度，以农业区域为载体将我国划分为四种农地区域类型：东北“平原区”、西北“荒地区”、西南“碎地区”、东南“城郊区”，在具体考察不同农地区域基本特征和经营现状的基础上，分别提出依据现状确权确地、调整土地后确权确利、调整土地后确权确地、依据现状确股确利四种农地确权模式，以期对不同农地区域农业经营成本的降低和规模经营的实现提供参考。

关键词: 农地区域, 类型差异, 农村土地确权, 政策执行

Abstract: In order to cope with the transformation of the major social contradictions in the new era and implement the goal of “Rural Revitalization Strategy” proposed by the 19th National Congress of the CPC, it is essential to accelerate the modernization of agricultural and rural areas and deepen the reform of rural land system. The right confirmation of rural land is the basic work of “developing a variety of forms of moderate scale management and cultivating a new type of agricultural management entities”. At present, the implementation of China′s policies of right confirmation of rural land is faced with many obstacles, such as difficulties in local implementation and poor effect of executions. Therefore, it is necessary to comprehensively consider the goals and demands of the center, localities and farmers in right confirmation of rural land, and put forward targeted and differentiated implementation plans according to different geographical characteristics. Taking human-land relationship and rural land appreciation potential as two dimensions, and taking agricultural region as carrier, China can be divided into four types of agricultural regions: “plain area” in Northeast China, “barren area” in Northwest China, “broken area” in Southwest China and “suburb area” in Southeast China. On the basis of investigating the basic characteristics and management status of different rural land areas, this paper puts forward four types of right confirmation of rural land model: confirming the right and land according to present situations, confirming the right and benefit after the adjustment of land, confirming the right and land after the adjustment of land, and confirming the stock and benefit according to the present situation, to provide reference for reducing agricultural operation cost and realizing scale operation in different rural land areas.

Key words: rural land area, type difference, right confirmation of rural land, policy implementation