Abstract: At present, Northeast China is undergoing a severe economic decline, which has drawn a great amount of social attention, so that some people stated that Northeast China′s economy might fall behind for a long time. The cause of the economic recession in Northeast China is directly represented by the gap in its system, mechanism and concept, but in fact, the economic decline of Northeast China is the result of several industry absences in economic base, including traditional leading industry absence, emerging industry absence and resource-based industry absence, which in turn form institution rigescence in superstructure. From the views of industrial development cycle, national macro-policy choice as well as regional resource endowments, the Northeast China′s depression has its historical inevitability; its revival in turn is also a matter of natural course,since the arrival of new industrial revolution, the implement of market-oriented reform and the radical change of external environment will be a great chance for Northeast China′s economy to rise again,hereby, how to make right arrangements for Northeast China′s economic activities would be the key to revival in the near future. Therefore, only by objective and scientific understanding of the Northeast economy, can we make the right policy choices.

Key words: Northeast China′s economic revival, historical inevitability, industrial development