Abstract: In order to summarize the evolution law of agricultural labor flow pattern and analyze the impact of the change of agricultural labor flow pattern on agricultural production efficiency in the process of urbanization, this paper, guided by the theory of rural-urban migration of agricultural labor in development economics, uses the relevant data of 30 provinces in China from 1991 to 2016, and comprehensively uses Malmquist index method and threshold panel regression model to test it. The results show that: (1) in the whole process of urbanization, the mode of agricultural labor flow will undergo two changes, one is “large-scale transformation” (the transition from one-way migration of scattered towns to one-way migration of large-scale towns) and the other is “two-way transformation” (the transformation from large-scale one-way rural-urban migration to two-way rural-urban and urban-rural mobility)，and the critical range of urbanization rate corresponding to the first transformation is 31%-40%, while that corresponding to the second transformation is 55.2%-63.2%.(2) on the whole, the change of agricultural labor flow pattern has effectively promoted the growth of all factor agricultural production efficiency, but compared with the first change of agricultural labor flow pattern, the second change has a weaker marginal role in promoting all factor agricultural production efficiency;through further analysis, it is found that the decline of the capture ability of scale efficiency is the structural root of the above differences,however, the factors,such as China′s farmland property rights system is not perfect, the land property rights trading market system is not perfect, the transfer of farmland between families and the centralization process of families to the new agricultural operation subject are blocked, the scale of production and operation cannot achieve synchronous expansion, and the continuous decline of agricultural production system′s ability to capture scale efficiency, are the internal cause of the above differences.According to the stage characteristics of agricultural labor flow mode, we should implement differentiated agricultural technology innovation policy and agricultural land transfer intervention mode.

Key words: Key words：transition of agricultural labor mobility model, large-scale transformation, bidirectional transformation, agricultural total factor production efficiency, scale efficiency, panel threshold regression model