Abstract: Through the construction of endogenous growth model, the paper investigates the impact of import complexity on TFP, and measures the import complexity and import density of China, and empirically tests the impact of China′s import trade structure on TFP of industrial industry.The results show that: in the world, the increase of China′s import complexity promotes the growth of TFP and technological progress, but has no obvious impact on technological efficiency;The increase in China′s import complexity has not increased the total factor productivity and technological progress, but has had a negative impact on technical efficiency;China′s import density has a positive impact on TFP both in the world and along the “Belt and Road” country.Therefore, China should rely on the domestic consumer market to focus on adjusting the import trade structure of the countries along the “Belt and Road”, and expand the manufacturing import of the countries along the “Belt and Road”, thus promoting the total factor productivity of China′s industrial sector.

Key words: Key words：import complexity, import density, Total Factor Productivity, “Belt and Road”