Abstract: Based on the cross-sectional data of China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study (CHARLS), this paper uses Probit model and Tobit model to investigate the impact of “new- type pension insurance for rural residents” on labor participation of the rural elderly. The results show that although the “new-type pension insurance for rural residents” has significantly reduced the labor participation of the rural elderly in the short term, this effect does not seem to have long-term sustainability;under the “new-type pension insurance for rural residents” system, labor participation of the rural elderly still shows the characteristics of significantly being affected by their individual characteristics and family characteristics,the proportion of the rural elderly who are young, healthy, married and have land to participate in their own agricultural production and total labor is higher, and the labor supply time is longer; the rural elderly who have received junior high school education or above, can get financial support from their children and live with their children, are relatively less in the proportion of participating in agricultural production,total labor and labor supply time;the rural elderly with high per capita family income are more likely to participate in wage labor;the proportion of the rural elderly participating in their own agricultural production in economically backward areas is significantly higher than that in economically developed areas, while the latter is significantly higher than the former in wage labor participation.

Key words: “new- type pension insurance for rural residents”；rural elderly, labor participation, labor supply time