Abstract: Based on the theory of lock-in effect of industrial structure, the industrial transformation of “Phoenix Nirvana” and “cage for bird” in resource-based cities in Northeast China are effective ways to realize the upgrading of industrial structure.The paper uses PSM-DID method to test the industrial structure upgrading effect of resource-based cities in Northeast China.The results show that the Northeast Revitalization Strategy has a significant negative impact on the industrial transformation and industrial transfer of resource-based cities;the Northeast Revitalization strategy can influence the industrial transformation and industrial transfer of resource-based cities through economic development, human capital, industrialization and government scale;the Northeast Revitalization Strategy not only shows certain regional heterogeneity, but also shows certain classification heterogeneity, which promotes the industrial transfer of declining and renewable cities and hinders the industrial transformation of mature cities.Therefore, we should improve the human capital level of resource-based cities, break through the lock-in effect of resource-based industries, formulate industrial policies according to local conditions, and guide the transformation of resource-based cities by classification.

Key words: Northeast Revitalization Strategy, resource-based city, industrial structure upgrading, lock-in effect