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    27 April 2018, Volume 60 Issue 4 Previous Issue    Next Issue

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    An Analysis of the Investment Governance Effect of SOEs′ Party Organization under the Situation of “Strict Administration of the Party”
    LAI Ming-fa1,2
    2018, 60(4): 1-10. 
    Abstract ( 301 )  
    The dual attribute of “economic man” and “politician man” of SOEs′ senior executives make their personal motivations be more complicated during investment deciding. This paper mixes two different self-knowledge explanations from“agency theory” and “stewardship theory” for SOEs′ senior executives, and then makes theoretical and empirical analysis of investment governance effect of SOEs′ party organization under the situation of “strict administration of the Party ”. This paper finds that party organization′s governance participation could promote SOEs′ investment efficiency, and have positive effect on investment governance, including reducing Over-investment and promoting the ability of capturing investment chances; this kind of effect mainly exists in central enterprises, while it is still insignificant in local state-owned enterprises. However, whether it is in theory or in practice, in the process of state-owned enterprises promoting the internal party organizations into corporate governance level, we should ensure the construction of long-term mechanism of “strict admimstration of the party”.
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    The Human Capital Threshold Effect of FDI on China′s Urbanization Spillover Effect〖WT〗
    WANG Yan-li, LIU Huan
    2018, 60(4): 18-23. 
    Abstract ( 145 )  
    The large influx and spillover effect of FDI affect the urbanization of China,the level of human capital is an important condition for the effective absorption of FDI spillover effect. This paper, taking the level of human capital as the threshold, constructs a nonlinear panel model and a space panel Dubin model with 2004-2015 year provincial panel data, and empirically tests the threshold effect and spatial spillover effect of FDI on urbanization. The results show that the impact of FDI on urbanization will change with the change of human capital level, that is, when human capital is lower than the threshold value of human capital (7.2420), FDI has a hindrance to urbanization; when human capital is above the low human capital threshold value (7.2420) and below the high human capital threshold value (8.9550) in the following cases, FDI plays a promoting role in urbanization; when human capital is higher than the high threshold(8.9550), the promotion of FDI to urbanization is more significant, and there is a significant spatial spillover effect between FDI and urbanization in adjacent areas. The above conclusions have practical significance for promoting urbanization in China. The inspiration of the above conclusion is that the upgrading of human capital is becoming a restrictive condition for the process and quality improvement of urbanization in China.
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    Monetary Policy, Trade Credit and R&D Investment: An Empirical Study based on Property Right Nature Difference
    ZHANG Lin,DING Xin,WANG Jia
    2018, 60(4): 24-32. 
    Abstract ( 163 )  
    This paper empirically tests the effect of trade credit on R&D investment of the listed companies and different effects form the property right nature and money policy two aspects based on the institutional background of Chinese credit market and the financing function of trade credit. This empirical study finds that: there is a significant positive correlation between trade credit and R&D investment, which does not change with the different property right nature and money policies; the effect of trade credit on R&D investment in private listed companies is more significant than that in state-owned listed companies; compared with the monetary easing period, the effect of trade credit on R&D investment has significant difference between the private listed companies and the state-owned listed companies in the monetary tightening period; trade credit has the biggest impact on R&D investment in the private listed companies in the monetary tightening period. The above conclusions have great significance to the technological innovation of enterprises in the transitional economy, especially to the development of the private economy.
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    Income Threshold Effect of Provincial Municipal Bonds on Chinese Sustainable Economic Development
    ZHOU Jian, ZHANG Yi-wei
    2018, 60(4): 33-41. 
    Abstract ( 146 )  
    The mechanism of municipal bonds on economic sustainable growth is more complex. It is important to judge whether the two parties have the threshold effect to determine the structural differences in the mechanism of the effect of the debt ratio on the economic growth in different regions of the threshold, and to judge the efficiency of municipal bonds scientifically, the risk state and the corresponding management. Based on China′s inter provincial panel data, this paper introduces the threshold effect from the perspective of fiscal revenue, and discusses the influence mechanism of provincial municipal bonds on China′s sustainable economic growth. The results show that municipal bonds have significant threshold effect on economic growth, there is a left-flattened S-shaped relationship between municipal bonds and economic sustainable development, the first turning point is about 120%, in the vicinity of which the left side of the slope is relatively slow, the right side of the slope is steep; the second turning point is about 140%, different threshold ranges show different influencing mechanisms of municipal bonds on China′s economy. The precise quantitative conclusion of this paper provides an important scientific basis for the design and improvement of China′s municipal bonds policy. The conclusion of the conclusion of this paper is that the debt issuance of the less developed areas in China is late. Although the current debt is generally higher than the economically developed area, the effect on economic growth is very obvious. Therefore, on the basis of strengthening the management of debt risk, the debt scale can be properly increased, and the central finance can also be given some policy support.
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    Ownership Structure, Local Fiscal Expenditure and Urban-Rural Income Gap: An Analysis from the Perspective of Double Dual Structure
    WANG Quan-jing
    2018, 60(4): 42-54. 
    Abstract ( 99 )  
    Based on the characteristics of “double dual structure” in China′s transition economy, and the analysis of the relationship between ownership structure, fiscal expenditure and urban-rural income gap by building a double dual structure model, this article provides perspective of ownership structure and fiscal expenditure to analyze the reasons why the income gap between urban and rural areas in China is high and the difference between urban and rural income gap in different regions by using Chinese provincial-level panel data from 2007 to 2015. The empirical results show that there is a “positive U-shaped” relationship between the proportion of state-owned economy and urban-rural income gap; there exists an “inverted U-shaped” relationship between fiscal expenditure and urban-oriented fiscal expenditure and urban-rural income gap, rural-oriented fiscal expenditure can narrow urban-rural income gap, the proportion of state-owned economy reduces the positive effect of fiscal expenditure or urban-oriented fiscal expenditure on urban-rural income gap; in the eastern and central regions, the state-owned economy narrowed the income gap between urban and rural areas; fiscal expenditures and urban-oriented fiscal expenditures have always widened the urban-rural income gap. Therefore, adjusting the tendency of expenditures and choosing the optimal ownership structure through market-oriented reforms is conducive to narrowing the urban-rural income gap.
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    Research on the Mechanism and the Use Efficiency of Policy Insurance Premium Subsidies
    GAO Xu-dong1,LI Bing-kun2, YIN Hang3
    2018, 60(4): 54-60. 
    Abstract ( 150 )  
    Policy insurance is one of the important tools that can make national economy stable and promote social prosperity. Government giving corresponding subsidies to policy insurance can arouse the enthusiasm of commercial insurance agencies and policy-holder, increase the supply and demand of policy insurance, but in actual operation, the problem that commercial insurance agencies′ inefficient use of premium subsidies will happen. Through deconstructing the risk of policy insurance, this paper discusses the mechanism of policy insurance premium subsidies, and analyzes the problem of inefficient use of the premium subsidies. Research shows that the fundamental reasons of the lack of efficiency is the amount of actual premiums subsidies is more than that of government ought to assume, so determining reasonable premium subsidies and public proportion can effectively solve the problem of excessive premium subsidies; utility maximization and consumer equilibrium model can be used to determine the reasonable premium subsidies and the public proportion, which can provide theory support for government to formulate appropriate mechanism of commercial insurance agency selection and strengthen the related regulation to raise the use efficiency of policy insurance premiums subsidies.
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    Estimation of Welfare Loss of China′s Economic Cycles Considering Fluctuations of Laboring Hours
    HE Lin-hao
    2018, 60(4): 61-67. 
    Abstract ( 145 )  
    Government needs to balance the growth and economic fluctuations, and the correct understanding of the welfare loss of the economic cycles is of great significance for the government to formulate macroeconomic policies. The paper expands the Lucas model, and establishes an estimation model of economic cycles cost including the fluctuations of laboring hours, finding that the welfare loss of the economic cycles is related to the fluctuations of laboring hours. The costs of economic cycles reach 0.1598% to 0.2437%, if we consider that some people assume the total fluctuations of laboring hours, the estimated value will reach 0.1844% to 2.306%, making the estimation of the costs of economic cycles out of the shackles of the risk aversion coefficient. Therefore, this paper thinks that the inter period fluctuations of laboring hours will also damage residents’ welfare and the analysis of the costs of economic cycles should focus on the impact of the cycles fluctuation on allocation of resources.
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    Evolutionary Game of Operational Risk of Cross-border Logistics Alliance based on System Dynamics
    DU Zhi-ping,FU Shuai-shuai,WANG Dan-dan
    2018, 60(4): 68-77. 
    Abstract ( 143 )  
    Based on the characteristics of cross-border logistics alliance and operational risk control of the system, and by analyzing the operation process of cross-border logistics alliance, the paper identifies its operational risk and establishes an operational risk index system. From the perspective of the game behavior of enterprise selection strategy in the cross-border logistics alliance, it analyzes the decision-making behavior of the enterprises within the alliance by means of game analysis, establishes an evolutionary game model under the internal penalty mechanism of the alliance, and simulates the evolutionary stability path of the cross-border logistics alliance with system dynamics to study the changes in the selection strategy of the alliance within the alliance when operating factors affect the operation of the alliance. Research shows that in order to effectively evade the operational risk of the alliance, a scientific punishment mechanism needs to be established to prevent speculation within the alliance.
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    An Analysis of Trade Imbalance of High-tech Products between China and U.S. based on VAR Model
    SUN Ying, LIU Can,MA Zheng-yu
    2018, 60(4): 78-84. 
    Abstract ( 121 )  
    At present, America is in the deficit position in high-tech products trade between China and U.S.. The root cause of "anti-comparative advantage" is U.S.′s strict export control to China in high-tech products trade. In addition, the FDI in high-tech products field, the industrial transfer and China′s growing scientific and technological innovation capacity contribute to the phenomenon of trade imbalance of high-tech products between China and U.S..Through the establishment of the VAR model, this paper analyses the characteristics of trade imbalance of high-tech products between two countries, and emphatically analyses the degree of negative impact of U.S. export controls, FDI and the improvement of China′s technical level on trade imbalance of high-tech products. Based on these, this paper puts forward countermeasures and policy suggestions.
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    On Effect of Inter-organizational Trust Influenced by Dynamic Contingency of Internal and External Environment on Channel Relationship Conflict Management
    YANG Wei1, ZHOU Yin1, LI Yao2
    2018, 60(4): 85-94. 
    Abstract ( 145 )  
    Channel conflict is vital for channel cooperation, and inter-organizational trust can reduce channel relationship conflict. However, previous studies fail to test the changing effects of inter-organizational trust on relationship conflict in marketing channel in the presence of relationship dynamism and market turbulence. By analyzing the functions and effects of market dynamics and relationship dynamics on inter-organizational trust on relationship conflict, the paper proposes corresponding hypothesis. Regression analysis results from 162 samples manufacture show, market turbulence strengthens the effects of inter-organizational trust on destructive and constructive conflict, while relationship instability weakens the influence of inter-organizational trust on the two types of relationship conflict. This research reveals the complexity and contingency of inter-organizational trust for managing relationship conflict under internal dynamism and external turbulence environment, which also has significant theoretical implication and practical suggestion for relationship conflict management in marketing channel.
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    External Fairness of Executive Compensation, Property Right Nature and Enterprise Risk Taking
    JIN Jing1,2,WANG Yan-min3
    2018, 60(4): 95-102. 
    Abstract ( 259 )  
    Based on social comparison theory and equity theory, this paper analyzes the effect of external fairness of executive compensation on the level of enterprise risk taking, finding that the higher external fairness of executive compensation, the higher level of enterprises′ risk taking; considering property right nature, the impact of external fairness of executive compensation in state-owned enterprises on the risk taking is not significant, while the impact of external fairness of executive compensation in non-state enterprises on the risk taking is significant; external fairness of executive compensation can significantly improve the enterprises′ performance and the risk taking plays a partial mediating role between the external fairness of executive compensation and enterprises′ performance, which is a new finding. This study enriches the theory of executive compensation fairness and provides a new perspective for the study of risk taking behavior theory; the conclusions support that it is appropriate to adopt different compensation incentive methods and performance appraisal systems for state-owned and non-state-owned enterprises′ executives.
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    Research on Manufacturers′ Supply Chain Selection and Decision-making based on Heterogeneous Products Dual Channels
    DENG Li-hong,HOU Yu-han
    2018, 60(4): 103-110. 
    Abstract ( 105 )  
    This paper uses Stackelberg game model to analyze the supply chain selection and decision-making of manufacturers under the condition of heterogeneity products dual-channels, and the differences of demand, pricing and revenue are discussed respectively in three cases that they are sold in traditional channels, in traditional and electronic channels at the same time and in traditional and electronic channels individually. The study shows that the introduction of e-channels leads to a decline in retailers′ final profits, and the case that two heterogeneous products are sold in traditional and electronic channels individually will lead to a reduction in overall supply chain profits, which cannot effectively resolve channel conflicts; the profit of the manufacturer is directly proportional to the number of new product consumers and are inversely proportional to the product variance coefficient; in addition to continuing to increase consumers′ acceptance of electronic channels, manufacturers should target appropriate development areas based on the speed of product updates.
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    The Threshold Effect of Environmental Regulation on Green Technology Innovation Ability of Manufacturing Industry
    LIU Zhang-sheng1, SONG De-yong2, LIU Gui-hai1,3
    2018, 60(4): 111-119. 
    Abstract ( 132 )  
    Based on the analysis of the mechanism of action of environmental regulation on green technology innovation ability, this paper constructs a panel threshold model with the environmental regulation intensity as the threshold variable to empirically test the nonlinear relationship between environmental regulation and green technology innovation ability using the panel data of 28 sub-sectors of manufacturing industry ranging from 2003 to 2014. The results show that: from the perspective of the mechanism of action, environmental regulation has two different functioning directions on green technology innovation, namely the “innovation compensation” and “compliance costs”, so that there is an asymmetric effect between innovation input and technological progress;analysis based on GML index indicates that there are significant differences in the influence of environmental regulation on green technology innovation ability when regulation intensity exceeds the threshold value, but with the regulation intensity turns from moderate to high degree, the influence of environmental regulation on green innovation ability changes from positive to negative; from the view of index decomposition, there is a significant inverted N-shaped relationship between environmental regulation and green technological progress, and environmental regulation has significantly positive influence on technical change of green technology innovation only in the low interval of regulation intensity; comparative analysis shows that the environmental regulation has the optimal facilitation on green innovation ability in the medium interval of regulation intensity.
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    Can the Technology Factor Matching Optimize the Utilization of New Energy? Theoretical Deduction and Empirical Study
    ZHANG Wei-kun1,2,DU Zhi-peng1
    2018, 60(4): 120-127. 
    Abstract ( 126 )  
    Exploring new energy substitution for the traditional petrochemical energy and optimizing the allocation of new energy utilization by the matching of technology factors has become the trend of social and economic development. This paper established the energy substitution game model to carry out the theoretical deduction, with the empirical study based on the provincial panel data from 2008 to 2016 for testing the relationship between technology factor matching and the new energy utilization. The results show, in the energy market, the total elements match the saddle point to optimize the utilization of new energy; technology factor matching is the driving force to intellectual capital and R&D investment growth, raising new energy production, reducing new energy prices, and positively adjusting new energy efficiency; the efficiency of new energy use has spatial dependency, from the point of view of technology factor matching, technology transfer and technology import will promote the utilization of new energy, while industrial agglomeration has a significant negative effect, R&D personnel input does not have a significant impact on it; in the relatively developed areas of foreign investment, the utilization of new energy will be accelerated, but the introduction of technology between regions will impede the use of new local energy. In order to optimize the utilization of new energy, we should grasp the proportion of the input adjustment of each factor and rationally configure the matching technical elements.
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    Contract Design for Alliance of High-tech Start-ups and Incubators under the Condition of Bilateral Moral Hazard
    KONG Ling-yi
    2018, 60(4): 128-138. 
    Abstract ( 106 )  
    Alliance of high-tech start-ups and incubators played an important role in steady and rapid growth of China′s entrepreneurial enterprises. This paper was targeted to building alliance of high-tech start-ups and incubators under the condition of bilateral moral hazard. First of all, the general income distribution matrix of incubation services trading and cooperation game was constructed to analyze the characteristics of focal point equilibrium and moderation equilibrium. And then, income transfer and non-cooperation predetermined precept were introduced to the alliance contract design. Meanwhile, their function mechanisms on player′s income distribution were also empirically tested. It was found that focal point equilibrium allowed one side to enjoy alone, so it would be harmful to the alliance′s development; in addition, the moderation equilibrium was best for the entrepreneur, but bad for the incubator, therefore it lacked impartiality; two new equilibriums under the condition of income transfer and non-cooperation predetermined precept both showed an advantage over the moderation equilibrium, but their efficiencies for high-tech start-ups were in a descendant manner. The root was the type of non-cooperation action before the time of the alliance. The richer the type, the higher the share of earnings in the trading and cooperation equilibrium after the time of the alliance.Therefore, in order to inhibit each other′s opportunistic behaviors and strengthen alliance, the corresponding cooperation constraints and contract design countermeasures were finally given for high-tech start-ups and incubators respectively.
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    The Legal Regulation of the Extraterritorial Effect of Enterprises Transnational Bankruptcy: An Analysis based on “Belt and Road”
    LI Shuai, HUANG Ying
    2018, 60(4): 146-153. 
    Abstract ( 106 )  
    With the full implementation of the “Belt and Road”, the scale and quantity of overseas investment by Chinese enterprises reach new height, and more multinational bankruptcy cases have emerged in the process of judicial practice. The extraterritorial effect is getting more and more attention from the international community. System design of bankruptcy law in China is considered to be backward and inappropriately, which formed a huge contrast with the rapid development of international trade, so the tension between the two make transnational bankruptcy cases in confused in the construction of the “Belt and Road”. Therefore, we need to adjust the existing way of application of bankruptcy law through the legal coordination mechanism construction, the specific apply of the principle of mutual benefit, and the reasonable introduction of substantial consolidation bankruptcy system to improve the transnational bankruptcy law and realize the synchronous development of China′s legal construction and international trade cooperation.
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    The Reference of American Judicature ADR for the Settlement of China′s Tax Disputes〖WT〗
    CHEN Shao-ying,CHEN Lei
    2018, 60(4): 154-161. 
    Abstract ( 126 )  
    Based on the professionalism and complexity of the tax disputes, the particularity and unfairness of the participants, the limitations of the independence of the traditional administrative reconsideration and the limitation of the administrative litigation in the cycle and cost, the low rate of prosecution and the high rate of withdrawal of the current tax disputes are not conducive to the delay of the collection of relations and the protection of the rights of the taxpayers. Based on the issue of tax jurisdiction caused by the adjustment of the central and local tax rights after the comprehensive adjustment of the tax rights and the gradual rising of the tax disputes in the transition to the modern tax countries, the higher requirements for the traditional solutions and the emerging alternative solutions are urgently required. The American judicial ADR, that is, the judicial attached ADR, is an important reference for our country to deal with the tax disputes, which is to deal with the particularity of the tax disputes through the courts of mediation, arbitration, pre litigation professional assessment, micro trial, adjudicator′s adjudication, and supporting rewards and punishments, and so on. It is necessary to combine the mechanism of mediation and docking in the process of judicial reform in China, to remould and guarantee the concept of judicial ADR for tax disputes, in response to the demand for the protection of the rights of taxpayers in the social transformation, and then to promote the process of the rule of finance and taxation.
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    On Particularity of Trust Property in the Trust of Rights to Return and Its Solutions
    LI Lei
    2018, 60(4): 162-169. 
    Abstract ( 99 )  
    With the expansion of asset management in trust industry, more business innovations have spoiled stable expectations for civil and commercial trials. As the common business, debates in judgment the trust of rights to return provoked are of typical analytic value. The particularity in trust of rights to return lies in different rules between trust property and traditional property. This essay returned to fundament principles, analyzed particularity of trust property in dual ownership, certainty of trust property, essential elements of establishment, and the solution of reforms in commercial judgment is paid more attention in practice area.
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    Research on the Judicial Relief of Shareholders′ Surplus Distribution Claim of Limited Company:Comment on Legal Interpretation [2017]14 and 15 of No.16
    FAN Qin-ning
    2018, 60(4): 170-176. 
    Abstract ( 138 )  
    The theoretical basis of shareholders′ surplus distribution claim of the limited company lies in the defects of the majority rule of capital, the lack of effective alternative solutions and the requirements of the principle of integrity and fairness. The right of judicial intervention in shareholders′ surplus distribution claim should be based on the abuse of controlling shareholders′ rights and the principle of respecting corporate autonomy and commercial judgment, aiming at maintaining the balance of interests. The legal interpretation [2017]No. 16 stipulates the low cost and targeted compensation for surplus distribution claim, which confirms the claimability of abstract surplus distribution claim, but there is also the lack of operability and the imbalance of burden of proof. Therefore, China should introduce reasonable expectations principle and faith obligations as a standard of judging shareholders abuse of rights, and increase the terms of the balance between shareholders the burden of proof, in order to make the rules really play their functions.
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